Knowledge of the reproductive physiology of wild sturgeon populations is critical to ensure the survival of this unique group of animals. This experiment was designed to explore the physiological relationships between the seminal plasma composition (ionic and organic contents as well as osmolality) and sperm motility in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus). In this regard, 17 brood fish were injected intramuscularly by LHRH-A2 (5μgKg -1) for spermiation induction. According our results, the seminal plasma contained 59.53±2.56 mM/l sodium, 9.1±1.42 mM/l chloride, 4.72±0.3 mM/l potassium, 1.45±0.075 mM/l calcium and 0.7±0.072 mM/l magnesium. 0.11±0.02 g/dl total protein, 22.18±4.16 mg/dl glucose, 6.67±1.04 mg/dl cholesterol and 15.2±0.65 mg/dl triglyceride. The total duration of sperm movement was obtained 288.01±14.44 second. The osmolality of seminal plasma ranged from 47 to 176 mOsmol kg1. Significant positive relationships were determined between sperm motility vs. K+ ion (r=0.718, p<0.01) and total protein (r=0.670, p<0.01). No significant correlations were found between sperm motility and others composition of the seminal plasma. Presented data could be considered as a complementary study for developing special extenders and protectant solutions for improving artificial fertilization in this valuable species.

Najeba F. Salih, Mohamad S. Jaafar

Abstract

This study examines the effect of alpha particles radioactive exposure on pregnancy hormones such as luteinizing ormones (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), hormone chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), progesterone and estradiol, in order to investigate the prevalence of infertility. Done Hormonal analysis of the women blood samples and irradiated by radium source after then carried out the hormone testing. This disparity supports the hypothesis that the magnitude of changes in pregnancy hormones concentration is indicative of the effect of radiation on the human tissues. To ascertain the level of ovarian reserve, the FSH level was measured, since it correlates inversely with the number of eggs present in ovaries. High levels of FSH were observed in women with low ovarian reserve. Significant differences were found before and after radiation. For LH (p<0.001), HCG (p<0.001), and estradiol (p<0.001), the levels of these hormones significantly reduced after radiation, while elevation observed for progesterone (p<0.003), FSH (p<0.003). This study concluded that FSH is significantly increased by irradiation which subsequently leads to impaired fertility.

Keywords: FSH, LH, pregnancy hormones concentration, Estradiol, women infertility, alpha particles

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Restraint stress and lead-induced reduction in progeny output by male rats

Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2013, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 26-30, Full Text in PDF

Abstract

We investigated whether restraint stress interferes with lead-induced suppressed fertility in rats. Male Wister rats (weighing 200 ± 10 g in the beginning of the experiment) were subjected to either restraint stress (5 hours/day) or exposed to lead (0.15%) or both for 60 days. To assess the fertility, control and experimental males were cohabited with sexually mature normal females. No significant changes (p>0.05) were observed in the body weight gain of experimental males. Similarly, no changes (p>0.05) were observed in the mating index. In contrast, there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in fertility rate, measured by counting live foetuses in the uterus of normal females mated with males exposed to either restraint stress or lead. In rats mated to males subjected to both restraint stress and lead treatment, a significant decrease (p<0.05) in live fetuses was observed as compared to rats mated with lead alone exposed males.These data demonstrate that adult male rats exposed to either restraint stress or lead significantly decreased fertilization capacity and stress potentiates the reproductive toxicity of lead.

Keywords: Lead, Restraint stress, Fertility, Implantation loss, Rat

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Etiology, investigation and treatment of Human men’s infertility

Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2013, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 31-36, Full Text in PDF

Keywords: Infertility, subfertile, etiology Regards, J.Poongothai

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Association between Maternal Serum Inhibin A and Chromosomal Abnormalities as a Diagnostic Markers in First Trimester of Threatened Abortion

Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2013, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 37-42, Full Text in PDF

Background: Threatened abortion is defined as a pregnancy complicated by bleeding before 20 weeks’gestation. Objective: Assessment of the relation between the concentration of serum Inhibin A and chromosomal abnormalities in a trial to find marker for the threatened abortion. Patients and Methods: The present study included 40 pregnant women in the first-trimester, 20 pregnant women suffering from pregnancy complications (threatened aborted) and 20 pregnant women for control. Blood samples were collected from El Hussain Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, under the clinical supervision. Serum is prepared for measurement Inhibin A hormone using Enzyme- Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA), while heparinized blood processed for cell culture to determine chromosomal aberrations. Results: Cytogenetic analysis revealed that structural chromosomal abnormalities were recorded in 35 from 600 maternal metaphase (5.83%), compared to (2.6%) that were detected in the examined

metaphases of control group; there was no statistical significance between the control and threatened aborted cases (χ² = 0.85, P ˃ 0.05), while concentration of Inhibin A hormone in the studied group shows Mean of 16.7 pg/ml but in control group shows concentration of 38.7 pg/ml, there was a significant difference between the two groups in serum level of inhibin A (t = 12.9, P < 0.05). On the other hand we found no correlation between chromosomal anomalies and inhibin A level in our cases (r = -0.296, p=0.204). Conclusion: Serum inhibin A measured during

Keywords: Threatened abortion, Inhibin A, chromosomal abnormalities.

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A Review of Underlying Causes of Maternal Deaths in Benue North Central Nigeria

Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2013, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 42-47, Full Text in PDF (75.9 KB)

Alobo GI, Ochejele S, Ngwan SD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal Medical Centre Makurdi, Nigeria.

Most maternal death reviews are on impact assessment rather than the underlying factors. Maternal death review that goes beyond the number has not been widely studied in Nigeria despite the high contribution of underlying factors to maternal deaths in the country. To determine the underlying causes of maternal death in the facility. This was a comprehensive facility based maternal death review at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi from 1st January to 31st December 2012. Factors surrounding each maternal death were analyzed prospectively to learn a lesson from each death by exploring gaps at the levels of the hospital, patient and the community. The MMR was 1381/100000 live births. Hospital factors were implicated in 39.3% and they were predominantly lack of ICU 19.0%, poor management of the referral chain 19.0% inability to assess complications fully 15.5%, laboratories challenges 11.9% and lack of obstetric skills (inexperience) 8.3%. Patient’s factor occurred in 32.1% and they were non booking (34.6%), non use of family planning (26.9%) and decision delays (32.7%). The Community factors occurred in 28.6% and they included transportation problem (28.6%), socio-cultural factors (28.6%), gender inequality (16.7%), inhibitory abortion laws 11.9% and illiteracy 9.5%. Maternal mortality was high in the facility because of the complex interaction of underlying factors with obstetric complications.

Keywords: Maternal mortality review, underlying factors, Benue state

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The Histomorphometric Effects of Maternal Diabetes on Rat Offspring’s Ovaries at the Puberty

Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2013, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 48-53, Full Text in PDF (248 KB)

Zabiholla Khaksar¹,  Gholamali Jelodar¹, Hooman Hematian²,  Mohamad Poorahmadi³

1- Department of Basic sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, ShirazUniversity, Shiraz, Iran

2- Department of Veterinary sciences, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran

3- Department of Basic Sciences, Jahrom medical university, Jahrom, Iran

In pregnant mothers, maternal diabetes occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin, which leads to increased blood glucose concentration in the mother and consequently in the foetus, causing various neonatal problems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal diabetes on foetal ovarian structure. Sixteen adult female rats were allocated into two equal groups. Diabetes was induced in one group by alloxan agent. Both groups became pregnant by natural mating. 60 days after birth, the female offspring were terminated, the body weight and blood glucose of the animals measured and their ovaries removed. Various histological parameters were determined using histological techniques. Results revealed a significant increase in body weight and blood glucose in the offspring of the diabetic mothers (ODM) compared to that of controls. The weight, volume and diameter of the ovary and ovarian capsule thickness were decreased in the ODM group. The number and diameter of primary, preantral, antral and preovulatory follicles and corpora lutea were decreased in ovaries in the ODM. Maternal hyperglycaemia exhibited deleterious effects on the reproductive system of their offspring.

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