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J. Infertil. Reprod.
Biol. Volume 2, Issue 4, 2014 |
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Altered male reproduction in rats
exposed perinatally to biochanin-A Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2014, Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 101-107, | Full Text in PDF (361 KB)
M. G. S. Soujanya1, K. Pratap
Redddy2, P. Ramachandra Reddy1, P. Sreenivasula
Reddy2 1. Department of Biochemistry, Yogi Vemana
University, Vemanapuram, Kadapa
– 516 003, A.P. India 2. Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara
University, Tirupati – 516 003, A.P. India Abstract Phytoestrogens are the plant extract compounds,
primarily isoflavones that mimic or modulate
endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to estrogen receptors. Biochanin- A (BC-A) is an isoflavone
found in red clover and is a selective agonist of estrogen receptor-β
(ER-β) and have the capacity to alter
functioning of male reproduction. The present study focused on the changes of
reproduction in male rats exposed to BC-A during the perinatal
period. Normal adult male and female rats were co-habitated
and the pregnant female rats were injected with 25mg, 50mg and 100 mg BC-A/Kg
body weight on window period 12th, 14th, 16th
and 18th day. Rats were
allowed to deliver the pups and the BC-A exposure
was continued up to weaning period. After weaning male and female pups were
separated and maintained in separate cages in a dose wise manner. To check
the reproductive performance of adult males (90 days old) exposed perinatally to BC-A are
co-habited with sexually mature normal females. Female rats were sacrificed
by cervical dis-location and autopsy was performed
on 8th and 19th day of gestation. Uterus and ovaries
were examined for the numbers of corpora lutea,
implantations, dead, live foetuses, resorptions and fetal weight. Significant increase was
noticed in the conception time, pre and post implantation loss (p<0.0001)
and decrease in the number of implantations (p<0.0001). Further observed
significant decrease in fertility rate as measured by counting numbers of
live fetuses (p<0.005) and resorptions
(p<0.05) in the females mated with males exposed to BC-A. Females mated
with BC-A exposed males were shown significant
reduction (p<0.0001) in resorptions, and
significant decrease (p<0.05) in fetal weight and number of live fetuses
per rat. The present study elucidated the significance of perinatal
BC-A exposure on male reproductive health. Keywords: Biochanin-A, Isoflavonoid, Fertility
rate, Implantation loss, Testosterone, Male wistar
rats Correlation between
women age and oocyte quality, embryo formation and
pregnancy outcomes in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles: a
retrospective analysis Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2014,
Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 108-114, | Full
Text in PDF (99 KB)
M H. Razi1 , Y.
Razi2 , P .Sabeti1 , S. Ghasemi-Esmailabad1
, S. Pourmasumi1 1-Recearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadughi University of
Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 2-International Campus of Shahid Sadoughi University of
Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Abstract It is documented
that there is a decline in female fertility as a function of age. To estimate
the effect of women age on assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes, a
total of 1560 in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were initiated in different age-groups women.
(Group 1: age ≤ 25, Group 2: age between 26-30 ,
Group 3: age between 31-35, Group 4: age between 36-40, Group 5: age >
40). Patient’s data and pregnancy outcomes were ascertained by records review
and face-to-face follow-up. Age, number of retrieved oocytes
and matured oocytes, types of ART procedures,
number of fertilized oocytes, zygote and embryo
scores, as well as, pregnancy and delivery rates were evaluated. The results
showed a significantly negative correlation between age
of patients and the number of oocytes retrieved
(P<0.01), mature oocytes (P<0.001), and
fertilized oocytes (P<0.01) in five age- groups.
We found no significantly differences in the number of mature oocytes in the 26–30 age group with the women who aged
between 31 and 35 (P=0.066). The zygote and embryo scores only showed a significant
negative correlation with age in women more than 40 years of age (P≤
0.01 for each). However, a statistically negative correlation was found
between the age of women with clinical pregnancy and delivery rates (P=0.031
and P=0.006, respectively). No striking
differences found in pregnancy rate between IVF and ICSI procedures (P=0.095
and P=0.117, respectively). Our findings recommend that the age-related decline in
female fertility by effect on oocyte and embryo
quality. The women age negatively
influence outcome of assisted reproductive technology treatment.
Keywords: Women age, Pregnancy rate, Intracytoplasmic
sperm injection, In vitro fertilization Perinatal exposure of biochanin-A induced abnormalities in offspring of rats Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2014,
Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 115-123, | Full
Text in PDF (1.26 MB) M.
G. S. Soujanya1, P. Ramachandra Reddy1,
P. Sreenivasula Reddy2 1. Department of
Biochemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Vemanapuram, Kadapa – 516 003,
A.P. India 2. Department of
Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati – 516 003, A.P. India Abstract Estrogenic
activity is found with many phytoestrogens,
including Biochanin-A (BC-A). The present study is
to examine the effect of prenatal and perinatal
exposure of BC-A on developmental land marks and
behavior in wistar rats. The mated female rats were
injected with 25, 50 and 100 mg BC-A/Kg body weight on 12th, 14th,
16th and 18th day of gestation. The exposure was
continued up to completion of weaning period. After weaning, male and female
pups were separated and maintained in separate cages with normal pellet diet
and tap water ad libitum. The developmental landmarks and
behavior of young ones were recorded starting from birth to completion of
weaning. Observed significant decrease (p<0.05) in the number of live pus
and sex (male/female) ratio of rat pups exposed transplacentally
to BC-A when compared to control group. Body weights of young ones were
measured on post natal day (PND) 1, 7, 14 and 21 and observed significant
decrease (p<0.005) in 50 and 100 mg BC-A perinatally
exposed young ones than the control and 25 mg BC-A exposed groups. No
significant changes (p>0.05) were recorded in fur development and ear
opening in exposed young ones. Whereas significant increase in pinna detachment (p<0.05), upper incisor eruption
(p<0.05) and preputial separation (p<0.005)
were observed in pups perinatally exposed to 100 mg
BC-A only. In contrast, significant decrease in anogenital distance (AGD) (p<0.05) in male and female
pups was observed at 100 mg BC-A trans-placental exposure. In case of crown rump length (CRL), we
observed significance (p<0.05) at 50 and 100 mg BC-A trans-placental exposure.
Decrease in survival index was also observed on PND 1 and 14 in young rats
exposed perinatally to BC-A. Besides above results,
rat pups perinatally exposed to 50 and 100 mg BC-A
showed significant increase in lower incisor eruption (p<0.05), eye opening
(p<0.005), vaginal opening (p<0.005) and testis descent (p<0.05).
These data demonstrate that significant alterations in developmental
landmarks of young rats exposed transplacentally
and perinatally to BC-A. Keywords: Biochanin-A,
Trans-placental, Perinatal, Pups evaluation,
Developmental landmarks Ovarian intrafollicular
fluid factors and their roles in follicle and ovum development in ruminants Journal of Infertility and reproductive Biology, 2014,
Volume 2, Issue 4, Pages 124-135, | Full
Text in PDF (147 KB) V. Girish Kumar1,
SK Tripathi2, M. Farman1, S. Nandi2 1. College of
Veterinary Sciences, KVAFSU, Bangalore campus, Hebbal,
Bangalore, India 2. National
Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bangalore, India Abstract Follicular
development is controlled partly by intra-ovarian and intrafollicular
factors within the ovary and partly by extra-ovarian events.
Many oocyte derived
factors and granulose
cell factors are
also involved in
follicle development. A better understanding of all the
processes involved in follicular development regulated by growth factors will
develop procedures to
enhance the reproductive efficiency
in domestic animals.
The present article discussed the
role of various
growth factors involved
in the follicle
and ovum development, and biotechniques associated with oocyte
development in domestic ruminants. Keywords: Growth factors, Oocyte,
Follicle, Biotechniques |
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